ETHNICITY AND DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA: 2015-2025

Abstract

Nigeria’s democratic experience from 2015 to 2025 has been shaped by ethnic politics, influencing governance, elections, and political stability. Ethnicity remains a dominant factor in political mobilization, often fostering divisions and undermining national unity. Despite democratic advancements, ethnic-driven electoral competition continues to weaken democratic institutions and hinder inclusive governance. Existing literature has explored ethnicity and democracy in Nigeria, but there is limited research focusing on the post-2015 period, particularly in assessing recent political developments and their implications for democratic consolidation. This study examines the impact of ethnic politics on Nigeria’s democracy over the past decade, employing a qualitative approach that includes policy analysis, electoral data, and expert interviews. Findings indicate that ethnic politics has perpetuated electoral tensions, deepened political polarization, and hindered democratic reforms. The study concludes that addressing these challenges requires institutional restructuring, equitable governance, and policies that promote national integration.