EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER REGIMES ON GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF OIL PALM PLANTATIONS

Abstract

This study evaluates the effects of different fertilizer regimes on the growth and yield performance of oil palm plantations, with a focus on the environmental impact and long-term sustainability. Fertilizer application, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), is essential for promoting vegetative growth, canopy development, and maximizing fresh fruit bunch (FFB) yield. However, improper timing and overuse of synthetic fertilizers can lead to nutrient imbalances, soil degradation, and environmental harm. The integration of organic fertilizers alongside synthetic fertilizers has shown potential in improving soil health, reducing nutrient runoff, and enhancing long-term productivity. This review also highlights the importance of site-specific nutrient management, emphasizing the role of soil type in determining fertilizer effectiveness. Studies show that tailored fertilization strategies, based on soil tests, can optimize nutrient uptake and minimize waste. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) systems combining organic and synthetic fertilizers offer a balanced approach, supporting both immediate yield and long-term plantation sustainability. The findings suggest the need for further research to refine fertilization practices, develop region-specific guidelines, and explore sustainable alternatives to conventional fertilization methods. This will contribute to more environmentally responsible and productive oil palm plantations, meeting global demand while minimizing negative ecological impacts.